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Exploration of the Measurement of Promotion for Civil Service : A Comparative Analysis of Gender Differences Huang Huan-Jung

Promotion affects almost all aspects of organizational lives. This is particularly evident from studies of human resource management. Given the importance of promotion in organizations, it is surprising that few studies have attempted to examine the types of various measurement of promotion. The discussion on administrative promotion is marked by a diversity of measurements. This paper suggests two dimensions of measuring promotion for civil service: (a) the objective dimension consists of three indicators of promotion outcomes, promotion speed, and promotion plateaus (b) and the subjective dimension also consists of three indicators of promotion satisfaction, promotion discrimination, and promotion opportunities. Data from 998 civil servants drawn from administrative agencies under Executive Yuan were used to compare a perceptually based. This study has implications not only for understanding the various types of and measurement of promotion but also addressing the issue of the under-representation of women in the upper echelon of the governments in Taiwan.


Keywords: administrative promotion, promotion outcomes, promotion speed, and promotion plateaus, promotion satisfaction, promotion discrimination, promotion opportunities, gender differences