原住民族公務人員結構及其意義：以100年度為例
巴蘇亞‧博伊哲努（浦忠成）
《摘要》
自國際到國內法制，均主張維護原住民族參與國家事務及公務的權益，而具備文官資格與基本專業的公務人員，殆為原住民族直接參與國家事務的主要代表。文官素質攸關行政效能，跟人民的生活品質有密切的關係；尤以原住民族公務人員面臨的議題往往具備特殊性，執行原住民族行政事務的法律也與一般事務有別。原住民族公務人員結構現象的要素如：擔任公務人員的管道、公務人員人數的變化、性別的差異、學歷區隔與官等分布、擔任公職的屬性、族群人數的落差等，有的屬於整體的現象，如原住民族教育整體水準與主流社會的落差，明顯反映在公務人員的數量或規模、官等與職等的高低分布，也能藉以說明何以大部分原住民公務人員為何選擇操作性較高的公職；有些現象可以藉著文化的因素去理解，如女性公務人員的數量、某些族群公務人員數量明顯比較多或少、男性高階文官比女性為高等。根據考選部針對公務人員特種考試原住民族考試用人機關滿意度與及格人員適任度調查，在整體工作表現、適應情形、綜合考評、滿意度，用人機關對本考試及格人員之表現給予相當正面肯定；惟在專業知能方面，用人機關對考試及格人員給予「尚可」的評價有四成以上。顯示特種考試原住民族考試及格人員的專業知能需要再強化。本文結論爰提出建議。
[關鍵詞]： 原住民族、公務人員、結構、文化
The Structure and Meaning of Indigenous Public Servants: The Case of Indigenous Public Servants in 2011
Chung-Chen Pu
Abstract
The legal systems of this country as well as other countries call for maintaining the rights of the indigenous peoples to participate in national affairs and civil service. Those with civil servant qualifications and professional abilities will be the main representatives of an indigenous community’s direct involvement in national affairs.
The quality of civil servants has a direct bearing on administrative effectiveness and directly affects people’s quality of life. Public employees from indigenous communities usually have to handle matters of special concerns as the laws dealing with the communities’ affairs are somewhat different from the laws governing other communities.
Key elements in the structure of indigenous civil servants include the channels through which they are recruited, the changes in their numbers, gender differences, educational backgrounds and rankings, and gaps in the numbers of populations of different tribes. Some of these elements can be seen in the overall structure of the nation’s civil servants, such as the overall educational level of indigenous communities, which is somewhat below the national level. Other factors can be explained from the cultural backgrounds of the indigenous communities and the mainstream society, such as the number of female government employees, why there are more male senior civil servants than female ones, and why a certain ethnic group has more civil servants than others.
According to surveys done by the Ministry of Examination, government agencies have given positive comments on the eligibility, adaptation to the working environment and the overall performance of indigenous civil servants. However, just over 40 percent of the surveyed agencies gave an “acceptable” evaluation to indigenous civil servants who have passed civil service exams, an indication that their professional knowledge and ability need to be strengthened. This paper recommends that tests on professional abilities be emphasized in future civil service exams for the indigenous people.
Keywords: indigenous, civil servant, structure, culture