政府人力資源的招募管理─以公務人員高普考試為例
余韶誠
《摘要》
過去幾年來，政府人力資源不管是在學術界或實務界皆有廣泛的討論，然而多忽略與選拔階段密切相關的招募管理；另一方面，針對考選制度的討論也多著重於選拔技術的改善，較少討論到考選機關舉辦考試前所採取的招募措施。本文從招募管理相關文獻著手，整理出招募準備、尋找應徵者、吸引應徵者和篩選應徵者等四個階段，並且歸納出組織角色、招募來源、招募行動者、招募活動和招募訊息內容等五個在招募管理中的關鍵項目。接著以上述內容為基礎，討論考選機關所採取的措施，嘗試解讀實務運作中可能的不足。本文發現考選機關已有進行招募性質的活動，但是有著招募人員未具備相關專業、招募活動流於表面和招募訊息單一性的缺失，未能落實招募管理應盡的面向，而這些缺失是由於組織職權設定、業務排擠和員額有限等制度性因素所造成。最後，本文認為考選機關應扮演公職工作說明和形象塑造的主導性角色，使應徵者能夠對政府工作有完整性的認識。除此之外，文中也提出考選組織設計和分發制度運作等人事行政上的問題，認為這兩個問題間接影響招募管理的落實。本文所提出的討論，藉由招募管理的介紹，對政府人事管理現況有不同面向的詮釋，兼而使政府人力資源管理有全面性的發展。
[關鍵詞]：人力資源管理、招募管理、考選制度、高普考
The Recruitment in Public Sector Human Resource Management: Take Civil Service Senior and Junior Examinations as Example
Shao-Cheng Yu
Abstract
For the past few years, there have been comprehensive discussions about the government’s human resource management from both the practical and academic perspectives, but the connection between recruitment management and the selection of government employees has received little attention. Discussions on the examination system in Taiwan focused more on improving the techniques of selection than on the recruitment measures before the examination-selecting phase. This paper looks into relevant government documents regarding four phases: preparing recruitment, seeking applicants, attracting applicants and screening applicants and studied five key elements: organization, sources, actors, activities and work information. Based on the literature review, the paper discusses the measures by the Ministry and tries to explain the deficiency in the practice. This paper finds some defects: 1. the recruiters’ lack of specialty, 2. superficial activities and 3. one-sided information. These defects are caused by the original design of the institution’s functions, crowding out of work and limited numbers of personnel. Finally, this paper concludes that the Ministry of Examination should play a positive and dominant role in providing details of work and shape the image about civil service that help applicants have a better understanding of this work. In addition, this paper raises the personnel issues about organizational design and work distribution that may affect to carry out the recruitment operation. The recruitment management issues discussed here are expected to help promote the different interpretation and comprehensive development of public sector human resource management.
Keywords: human resource management, recruitment management, examination system, civil service senior and junior examination