文官體制變革之論證
蔡良文
《摘要》
文官體制變革是一個無止盡的永續過程，我國晚進文官體制運作的缺失主要為抑制公務人員的創造力、限制創新思維空間，以及未能建立文官長制度。至於當前我國文官制度應先釐清公法或公共管理思潮，以配合國家發展需要。惟以變革之策略上，筆者以為政治性理念思維可借鏡外國，但有關行政性之文官制度與運作技術 等，應由本土化開展。易言之，文官體制變革必須在憲法精神下，進行抉擇與建構。爰配合其功能面向，分就國家考選體制、政府用 人體制、績效俸給與福利制度、績效考核與淘汰機制、行政中立法 制發展、退撫體制變革等六項工程面向，予以逐項論證後，方能釐正導引未來的發展方向。
[關鍵詞]：文官體制、考選體制、績效考核、行政中立、退撫制度
Argument on Civil Service System Reform
Liang-Wen Tsai
Abstract
Civil service system reform is an on-going and long-lasting process without end. The main defects of our lately-implemented civil service system are suppression of civil servants’ creativity, restraint of innovative thoughts, and failure to establish a civil service commanding system. At present, the priority work for our civil service system is to distinguish between the ideological trends of public law and public management so as to cater to the need of national development. However, in terms of reform strategy, I believe we can learn from and refer to the experiences of other countries in respect of political ideology and thinking and, on the other hand, we should take the initiative in localizing the administrative system as well as the implementing techniques. In other words, choices must be made and institutions built in order to reform the civil service system in the spirit of the Constitution. As a result, this article tries to provide an argument on the reform from six perspectives, i.e. the national examination system, the civil servants recruitment system, the performance-based remuneration and welfare system, the performance evaluation and elimination mechanism, development of legal system for administrative neutrality, and pension fund system, in line with the functions of civil service system so that the future direction of development can be clarified and recommended.
Keywords: civil service system, examination system, performance rating, administrative neutrality, retirement and indemnity system.