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公部門勞動關係之研究

標題 公部門勞動關係之研究
研究年度(民國年) 106 研究主持人 呂育誠
撰稿人 參加人數
專案會議 2017 研究方式 自行研究(機關預算)
研究經費 340000 研究機構 國立臺北大學公共行政暨政策學系
中文關鍵字 公部門勞動關係、公務人員協會、人事行政
英文關鍵字 Public Labor Relationship, Civil Servant Association, Public
中文摘要 我國於 2008 年制定公布公務人員協會法,自此公務人員正式得依法
組織協會、行使團結權組織結社,開啟公部門勞動關係發展之新里程碑。
儘管公部門勞動關係發展迄今,其運作方式和型態已趨於穩定,惟公務人
員參與程度似仍相對不足,除全國協會於 2009 年 10 月 2 日成立外,目前
僅有 21 個中央機關協會及 15 個地方協會成立;參與人數方面,公務人員
具有公務人員協會會員資格者約 2 萬 8 千人,約占政府機關總預算員額數
10%。從公務人員參與意願可知,現有制度應有相當改善空間。
從另一個角度來看,透過法定組織保障工作權益,並以集體力量爭取
更佳工作條件與待遇,基本上已成為各級公務人員關心的課題。但是,現
行協會功能受限、組織率偏低,似無法滿足不同專業領域與不同機關層級
之公務人員多元結社之需求,故如何修訂協會法以強化協會組織,同時據
以發揮協會功能,在維持各級政府順利運作與保障公務員權益間尋求平衡,
實應進行檢討並預先規劃因應策略。
本文應用文獻分析與焦點團體訪談法,彙整公務人員協會相關研究成
果、比較各國勞動管理政策、並蒐集公務人員協會成員的實務意見。研究
結果顯示,舉凡公部門勞動關係之定位,以及協會組織權、協商權行使之
變革,都必須以現行五權憲政架構與人事行政體制為基礎,也因為如此,
不論在對照各國經驗,或是探討公部門勞動關係理論時,皆必須回歸體人
事行政體制與依法行政的民主制度,在確立公法上職務關係的定義下,建
構或調整公部門勞動關係內涵與落實程序,如此才能避免不同意見間的零
和衝突,並使勞動關係能建全發展。
英文摘要 For Civil Servant Association Act had passed in 2008, Civil Service in
Taiwan have right to organize Association, and participate activities afford by
Association. In other word, Civil Servant Association Act provide Civil
Service to argue right collectively and established the foundations of Public
Labor Relationship.
Although Civil Service have right to established the Civil Servant
Association in agency, but they seem have no willing to do so, or even become
a member of Civil Servant Association. In Reality, There only have 21
associations in central government and 15 associations in local. And Civil
Service who has the membership of association is about 28,000, only one tenth
to total staffs in government. This may reflect some issues in the institution
and the needs to improve.
In this Study, research team applied content analysis and focus groups
interviews methods to review the researches of Civil Servant Association,
compare public labor relationship policies in other countries, and collective
practical suggestions from the chairmen of Civil Servant Associations. In the
end, research team suggest the authority should reconsider the functions of
Civil Servant Association under constitution and personnel systems. In fact,
the public labor relationships in our government should build and running
under relative personnel systems or personnel laws. So, the possible way to
improve functions of Civil Servant Association, and the willing to participate
of Civil Service need to identify the job relationship between Civil Service and
government in public laws, so that we could avoid the conflicts from different
positions and develop public labor relationship more robustly
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