| 英文摘要 |
In the era of globalization, Taiwan should refer to other OECD
countries for the system of recognizing for the licenses of professional
and technical workers in subjects of assessment, types of assessment
and methods of assessment. Furthermore, to cope with such trend in the
world market, Taiwan should discuss the possibilities of recognition of
license in other countries in order to achieve the goal of
internationalization.
The research approaches of this study are the ‘globalization theory’
and the ‘institutional isomorphism theory’. Under the trend of
globalization, such transfer of professional and technical workers working
in different countries will defiantly help with social development in these
countries. In addition, this will bring relatively strong competition of job
employment. However, countries’ barriers may still exist. Only when
institutional isomorph is established can these barriers disappear so that
Taiwan can reach the goal of keeping the tracks with internationalization.
This study suggests that after Taiwan has joined WTO, the specified
commitments in the 11 sectors, as well as the recognition for foreign
professional workers who can choose to work in the 35 genres listed
from Article 1 to Article 8 in Professional and Technical Examinations Act
Enforcement Rule, should become of the most priority to start the
internationalization of licenses’ recognition. Among the 35 genres,
architects and Technicians in the Civil Engineering Division, Structural
Engineer, Geotechnical Engineering Division, Electrical Engineering
Division, Environmental Engineering Division, and Water Resource
Engineer have been made qualified as APEC Engineer and APEC Architect.
Taiwan has also signed mutual recognition agreement with Australia in
V
the area of APEC Architect. It is worthy of promotion for further
establishment in international cooperation and recognition.
The more successful case of state-to-state negotiations is the bilateral
mutual recognition agreement that Taiwan has signed with Australia in
the field of architect. State-to-state license recognition and negotiations
involve cooperation and negotiations among ministries and departments
of bureaus in Taiwan. The role of Examination Yuan is to do the detailed
checks of professional and technical workers’ qualifications. When
Taiwan's representatives from other ministries are dealing with
international negotiations with other countries, the function of
Examination Yuan is not only to provide professional advices and
judgment, but also to assist with the market flow control, so that such
‘open market’ policy will not cause irreparable impact for Taiwan’s
domestic market.
In addition, Taiwan’s professional and technical workers have had
exchanges and cooperation with mainland China. Yet due to the
limitation of the political development of cross-strait status and the laws
of regulations, the Taiwan and China have not signed any agreement
with regards to the recognition of the licenses or qualifications of the
professional and technical workers. Although it is not yet permitted by
laws, these exchanges in fact exist as there have been demands of such
exchange in the job markets. Therefore, Taiwan government should pay
more attention on making the already ongoing cross-strait exchanges
legalized when making policy planning in the near future. |