誰來服務比較安心？原住民族地區的民眾對公務員特質偏好的實證分析
陳文學
《摘要》
本文基於代表性官僚理論，以55個原住民族地區為研究範圍，藉由電話調查蒐集民眾對公務員的特質偏好，進而以族群別偏好為依變數，運用多項式羅吉斯迴歸探討民眾偏好原住民族或漢人公務員之影響因素。本文所調查的原住民族地區民眾包含原住民族與漢人身分的民眾。本文發現，第一，民眾對公務員的性別、年齡、戶籍地與族群別存在不同程度的偏好，民眾尤其重視公務員的戶籍地特質。第二，女性民眾會偏好女性公務員、民眾會偏好同戶籍地的公務員、原住民偏好原住民族公務員，證明民眾與公務員特質一致性的研究假設。除此之外，民眾所處的客觀環境與社會接觸等兩個變數，也影響了民眾對公務員的族群偏好。最後，本文提出這些研究發現對代表性官僚理論之意涵，同時也對原住民族地區的公務人力管理提出實務建議。
[關鍵詞]：代表性官僚、民眾偏好、人口特質、原住民族地區、社會接觸
Whose Services Put People at Ease? An Analysis of Public Preferences for Demographic Characteristics of Civil Servants in Indigenous Regions
Wen-Hsueh Chen
Abstract
Based on the theory of representative bureaucracy, this study looks into 55 indigenous regions. Through a telephone survey, it collects public preferences for the demographic characteristics of civil servants. Furthermore, taking ethnicity preferences as the dependent variable, the study uses multinomial logistic regression analysis to investigate the influence of public preferences for indigenous or Han civil servants. The survey respondents include both indigenous people and the Han people. The study finds that, firstly, there are different public preferences for the gender, age, household, and ethnicity of civil servants. The public particularly emphasizes the place of household registration of civil servants. Secondly, female respondents tend to prefer female civil servants, the public prefer civil servants from the same townships (cities, and districts), and indigenous people prefer indigenous civil servants. These findings demonstrate the consistency of preferences between the public and civil servants. In addition, the objective environment and social contact also influence the public preferences for civil servant characteristics. Finally, the study presents the implications of these research findings for the representative bureaucracy theory, while offering some suggestions for public human resources management in indigenous regions.
Keywords: representative bureaucracy, public preferences, demographic characteristics, indigenous region, social contact