當人工智慧進入政府：公共行政理論對AI運用的反思
黃心怡、曾冠球、廖洲棚、陳敦源
《摘要》
網際網路與資通訊科技的蓬勃發展，持續對人類社會帶來翻轉性的改變，其中尤以人工智慧技術的發展與應用所帶來的衝擊最為劇烈，因而成為所有推動數位轉型的組織需審慎面對的新興科技管理課題。由於國內對於應用人工智慧於政府數位轉型的研究仍在初期開展階段，且多數聚焦在科技應用面的探討，單純從公共行政理論視角的討論尚不多見。因此，本文透過文獻分析途徑，回顧整理國內外學者討論政府應用人工智慧可能產生的疑慮，並嘗試從公共價值、倫理道德風險與行政裁量權行使等三個公共行政理論的核心議題，反思人工智慧科技運用對公共行政理論發展的挑戰。作者除具體歸納相關挑戰的內涵及其伴隨之影響，亦同時提供若干具體的研究方向與應用策略及導入步驟建議，期藉此引起關心政府數位轉型的公共行政學者及實務工作者對相關議題的重視並及早準備因應，以迎接即將來臨的人工智慧時代，畢竟「科技的良善，始終來自於政府治理的良窳」。
[關鍵詞]：政府數位轉型、人工智慧、人機互動、人機協作
When AI Joins the Government: A Reflection on AI Application and Public Administration Theory
Hsini Huang, Kuan-Chiu Tseng, Zhou-Peng Liao, Don-Yun Chen
Abstract
The flourishing development of the Internet and telecommunications technology continues to bring about irreversible changes in human society. Among them, the development and application of artificial intelligence technology has the most severe impact. Therefore, all organizations that promote digital transformation need to be cautious about emerging technology management issues. As domestic research on the application of artificial intelligence to the government’s digital transformation is still in the initial stage and most of the discussions have focused on the application of science and technology, discussions from the perspective of public administration theory are still rare. Therefore, through literature analysis, this article reviews the concerns of domestic and foreign scholars about the government’s application of artificial intelligence, and attempts to reflect on the challenges of artificial intelligence from the three core issues of public administration theories, including public value, administrative ethical risk, and the exercise of administrative discretion. The authors not only summarize the connotation of the related challenges and their accompanying impacts, but also provide some specific research directions and suggestions of application strategy, hoping to attract the attention of scholars and practitioners of public administration concerned about the government digital transformation to relevant issues and respond to these issues in the early stage of greeting the era of artificial intelligence.
Keywords: digital transformation in government, Artificial Intelligence, human-machine interaction, human-machine collaboration