本文運用公共政策理論，以文獻分析法檢視英國（蘇格蘭）、臺灣兩國離島發展問題，及英國《離島（蘇格蘭）法》、臺灣《離島建設條例》之法律框架。本文研究發現為：（1）英國《離島（蘇格蘭）法》兼採新創法規及法規鬆綁，以建構處理離島發展問題之創新制度，並排除（或放寬）其他既存法律對離島發展之限制；（2）《離島建設條例》侷限於離島陸地基礎建設，忽略離島海域發展，且因中央與地方財政能力差距，致使離島開發政策呈現「中央集權化」傾向。基於上開研究發現，本文建議應進行臺灣離島發展法律再造，並參考英國經驗，導入國家離島發展計劃及離島海域發展機制。
Rebuild Taiwan’s Island Development Act: Learning from the Islands (Scotland) Act 2018 of the UK
Pao-Chien Wang
Abstract
The essay employs the theory on public policy as well as the research method of literature review, to explore the island development issues in the United Kingdom (Scotland) and Taiwan. The essay discusses the legal framework of the UK’s “Islands (Scotland) Act 2018” and Taiwan’s “Offshore Islands Development Act.” The essay finds that (1) The “Islands (Scotland) Act 2018” introduces new institution to handle the problems of island development and the Act employs the deregulation measures to loosen the control from other laws. (2) The “Offshore Islands Development Act” focuses on the land infrastructure, and lacks marine development policies. As the island government needs the grants from central government, most island policies tend to “centralization”. Based on the findings, the essay suggests that the government should amend the Act to introduce the national islands plan and the marine area development strategy by taking reference from the UK’s experiences.
Keywords: island development; Offshore Islands Development Act; Scotland