政策設計析論:長期照顧政策為例
郭昱瑩
《摘要》
政治民主化、經濟自由化、社會多元化,政府面對各式各樣的公共問題,多元利益團體表達不同訴求與價值,政策執行日益複雜。為使政策有效落實,政策設計有其重要性,政策設計包含成果、標的團體、執行機構、法令4項要素,以及工具、規則及假設三者間所構成的連結【PD = E (O, T, A, S) + L (t, r, a)】,簡言之,政策設計主要由行政機關制定法令,透過政策工具、規則與對標的團體的傳達,進而對標的團體產生影響,改變政策認知或行為,順服政策,以獲取政策成果。本文以長期照顧政策為例,論述長期照顧政策的政策設計,凸顯標的團體於公共政策的舉足輕重地位,也展現政策設計與政策執行牢不可破的關聯性。
[關鍵詞]:政策設計、長期照顧政策、政策執行、標的團體
Policy Design: A Case Study of Long-Term Care Policy
Yu-Ying Kuo
Abstract
Along with democratic politics, liberal economy, and plural society, governments at all levels face various problems, claims, and values proposed by different interest groups, making policy implementation even more complicated. In order to carry out public policies, policy design gains its importance through the function of PD = E (O, T, A, S) + L (t, r, a), indicating the elements(E) of policy outcome(O), target group(T), agency(A), statue(S) and the linkage(L) of tool(t), regulation(r), and assumption(a). The paper elaborates on the application of policy design in the area of long-term care policy to demonstrate the crucial influence of target groups and emphasize the connection between policy design and policy implementation.
Keywords: policy design, long-term care policy, policy implementation, target group