錯不在我！貪污犯合理化心理機制之探索
余一鳴
《摘要》
貪污行為是古今中外普遍存在的現象，其衍生的問題及對社會及國家的危害難以估算。隨著民主政治的發展貪污議題愈來愈受世人關注，各國莫不致力於這方面的防治，為此政府設立「廉政署」專責管理，即令如此，政治貪腐議題的研究仍處於相對落後的狀態，究其原因不外乎政治學對貪腐行為的研究多數仍關注於宏觀的制度與結構分析，另一方面則由於微觀途徑也僅著重於個體背景與道德心理特質的分析，甚少從貪腐者心理面向深入理解，形成貪腐研究上的缺口。為此，本研究主要藉由道德疏離的理論視角，針對違犯貪污判決確定之受刑人進行深度訪談。經由本研究訪談發現，貪污犯刑者會透過道德疏離機制，合理化自己的貪污行為，以減輕貪污行為的認知壓力，而這種脫道德的權宜措施，久而久之轉變為個體對貪腐行為的合理化認知。
[關鍵詞]：貪腐、認知失調、心理歷程、貪污犯、道德疏離
It's Not My Fault! The Psychodynamic Process of Corruption Convicts
Yi-Ming Yu
Abstract
Corruption has been common throughout history until now, and its damage to society and countries worldwide has been immeasurable. With the development of democracy, the issue of corruption has increasingly received attention, and every country has been dedicated to fighting corruption. The government of Taiwan was no exception, establishing the Agency Against Corruption, which aims to promote ethics and integrity and facilitate administrative transparency. However, most studies on corruption have, focused on the institutional and structural backgrounds and few have probed corruption from the perspective of the psychological processes of those found guilty of corruption.
Therefore, this study adopts the perspective of cognitive dissonance to examine a case of an individual convicted of corruption. The results show that the person experienced cognitive dissonance in the initial stage. To mitigate the psychological pressure from cognitive dissonance, people convicted of corruption attempt to adjust their thoughts to ameliorate the pressure of corrupt behavior, which was used by the individual investigated in the study to rationalize of corruption.
Keywords: corruption, cognitive dissonance, psychodynamic process, embezzler, moral disengagement